Application of Kocide should begin at bloom and continue every 7 days during bloom. Applications of Agrimycin need to begin at the start of blooming and continue every 3-4 days during the bloom period.
Therefore, in years when warm, humid, wet weather coincides with flowering and leaf emergence, spray plants with a fungicide containing basic copper sulfate (Kocide) or an antibiotic (Agrimycin) to reduce infection. Chemical control is not always effective and needs to be applied preventively. These practices avoid spreading the pathogen.Īvoid heavy nitrogen fertilization, especially in summer, when succulent growth is most susceptible to fireblight infection. Wash and oil shears when you are finished. Dip pruning tools in 70% isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) or a 10% bleach solution (1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution) between each cut. Disease Managementĭuring spring and summer, prune out infected branches 8 in. The bacteria spread rapidly through the plant tissue in warm temperatures (65 ☏ or higher) and humid weather. Insects also help spread the disease to healthy plants. In spring, the bacteria ooze out of the cankers and attract bees and other insects. The bacterium can survive the winter in sunken cankers on infected branches. Once established in the tree, fireblight quickly invades through the current season's growth into older growth.įireblight can be spread from diseased to healthy plants by rain, wind, and pruning tools. Initially the disease often enters the tree through natural openings, especially flowers and wounds in the spring. Dead leaves and fruit remain on the branches. Branches may be bent, resembling what is commonly referred to as a “shepherd's crook” (Figure 1). Young twigs and branches die from the terminal end and appear burned or deep rust colored. The bark at the base of blighted twigs becomes water soaked, then dark, sunken, and dry cracks may develop at the edge of the sunken area. Shephard's crook, a typical symptom of fireblight. The plants affected include Amelanchier (serviceberry), Chaenomeles (flowering quince), Cotoneaster (cotoneaster), Crataegus (hawthorn), Eriobotrya (loquat), Malus (apple and crabapple), Photinia (photinia), Prunus (flowering almond, plum and cherry), Pyracantha (pyracantha), Pyrus (pear), Rosa (rose), and Spiraea (spirea).įigure 1. The disease affects plants in the Rosaceae family, which includes trees and shrubs in orchards, nurseries and landscape plantings. Here are some facts and methods to help you avoid and control the disease. Fire blight attacks blossoms, leaves, shoots, branches, fruits, and roots. Fireblight can be a problem in Georgia and is particularly prevalent in some counties. Mila Pearce, Former IPM Homeowner Specialistįireblight is a destructive, highly infectious, and widespread disease caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora.
Unlike the other two tomato blights, it doesn't affect the fruits or stems.Alfredo Martinez, Extension Plant Pathologist Septoria blight, also known as septoria leaf spot, causes small dark spots less than an 1/8-inch in diameter all over the leaf. Late blight affects other species in the tomato family as well, such as potatoes and petunias. It can progress to engulf entire leaves, stems, and fruits, with the infected areas becoming covered in mold as they die. Late blight shows up later in the summer and is apparent by brown edges on the leaves of the plants, rather than spots in the center of the leaf. Early blight typically starts to affect tomatoes in early summer. The stems and fruits will develop dark, mushy spots as the disease progresses. Early Blight Advanced stage of late blightĮarly blight appears as pea- or dime-sized brown spots on the leaves that are lighter toward the center of the spot but exhibit a distinctive yellow border around the outer edge of the spot. There are several devastating fungal blights that attack tomatoes, some of which attack other species as well.
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